Hashem Jebraeili

   Adolescence is a period of transformation characterized by cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. In addition to their positive effects, these changes can also impose pressure on adolescents. One of the common issues during this stage is aggression. Aggressive adolescents often lack the ability to control their behavior and tend not to conform to social norms and cultural expectations. Considering the crucial role of adolescents in the country’s future development and the increasing prevalence of aggressive behaviors in society (Vakili et al. 2021), the present study aimed to examine the relationship between negative perfectionism and body image concern with adolescent aggression, with emotion regulation difficulties as a mediating variable, among students in Kermanshah schools. The research employed a correlational design based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population included all first-year secondary school students in Kermanshah during the 2023–2024 academic year. Using Cochran’s formula, a sample of 380 students was selected through convenience sampling. The instruments used were: the Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992), the Body Image Concern Inventory (Littleton et al. 2005), the Perfectionism Questionnaire (Terry-Short et al. 1995), and the short form of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2016). Data collected through these questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods with    and Mplus software. Model fit indices (?² = 3348.519, DF = 2621, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.07, RMSEA = 0.03) indicated a good model fit. The results showed significant positive correlations between negative perfectionism and emotion regulation difficulties (r = 0.488, p < 0.001), aggression and body image concern (r = 0.480, p < 0.001), emotion regulation difficulties and aggression (r = 0.497, p < 0.001), and emotion regulation difficulties and body image concern (r = 0.428, p < 0.001). There was also a significant positive relationship between aggression and body image concern (p < 0.001). The findings revealed that negative perfectionism was the strongest predictor of aggression in this model. Additionally, body image dissatisfaction indirectly and significantly increased aggression (? = 0.048, p = 0.022), mediated by emotion regulation difficulties. This suggests that dissatisfaction with one’s body reduces the ability to regulate emotions, thereby increasing aggressive behaviors. Likewise, negative perfectionism also had an indirect and significant effect on aggression (? = 0.094, p = 0.018), indicating that it fosters aggression through its impact on emotional dysregulation. These findings, in addition to enriching the theoretical literature, can serve as a basis for designing educational and developmental   programs in schools.Such programs, aimed at enhancing personal   feelings and satisfaction, abandoning unrealistic standards, and optimally employing emotion-regulation strategies, can help reduce aggression among   adolescens.

   چكيده توجه و پيشرفت تحصيلي از مؤلفه‌هاي حياتي موفقيت دانش‌آموزان در دوره ابتدايي محسوب مي‌شوند. پژوهش‌هاي اخير بر نقش اثربخش تمرينات ذهن‌آگاهي، به‌ويژه رويكردهاي مبتني بر عمل، در ارتقاي اين مهارت‌ها تأكيد دارند. هدف اين پژوهش بررسي اثربخشي آموزش ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل بر توجه و پيشرفت تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان دختر دوره دوم ابتدايي شهر كرمانشاه بود. اين مطالعه از نوع نيمه‌آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون و گروه كنترل بود. جامعه آماري پژوهش شامل كليه دانش‌آموزان دختر دوره دوم ابتدايي شهر كرمانشاه با جمعيتي حدود ?????? نفر بود. نمونه‌گيري به روش خوشه‌اي چندمرحله‌اي انجام شد؛ در اين راستا، ناحيه ? از بين سه ناحيه آموزش‌وپرورش شهر كرمانشاه انتخاب شد، سپس يك مدرسه و از آن مدرسه دو كلاس به‌صورت تصادفي برگزيده شدند. حجم نمونه شامل ?? دانش‌آموز (?? نفر در گروه آزمايش و ?? نفر در گروه كنترل) بود. گروه آزمايش به مدت ? جلسه ?? تا ?? دقيقه‌اي، پروتكل ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل را دريافت كرد. ابزارهاي اندازه‌گيري شامل آزمون ثبت توجه (سنجش زمان كل، خطاي ارتكاب و خطاي حذف) براي سنجش توجه و نمرات تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان در آزمون‌هاي استاندارد شده دروس فارسي و رياضي براي ارزيابي پيشرفت تحصيلي بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار    24 و روش تحليل كوواريانس تجزيه‌وتحليل شدند. نتايج تحليل داده‌ها نشان داد كه مداخله ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل تأثير معناداري بر توجه و پيشرفت تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدايي داشت. اين مداخله منجر به بهبود معنادار توجه شد كه با كاهش خطاي حذف، خطاي ارتكاب و كل زمان آزمون در گروه آزمايش همراه بود. همچنين، تأثير معناداري بر پيشرفت تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان مشاهده شد كه شامل افزايش نمرات دروس فارسي و رياضي در گروه آزمايش در مقايسه با گروه كنترل بود. ميانگين‌هاي تعديل‌شده نيز تأييدكننده عملكرد بهتر گروه آزمايش در توجه (كاهش خطاها و زمان) و پيشرفت تحصيلي (افزايش نمرات) بود (p < 0.001). نتايج اين پژوهش به‌روشني نشان مي‌دهد كه آموزش ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل يك رويكرد مؤثر براي ارتقاي توجه و بهبود پيشرفت تحصيلي در دانش‌آموزان دختر دوره دوم ابتدايي است. اين يافته‌ها شواهد علمي ارزشمندي را براي طراحي و اجراي برنامه‌هاي آموزشي مبتني بر ذهن‌آگاهي در مدارس ابتدايي ايران فراهم مي‌آورد و مي‌تواند براي معلمان، مشاوران تحصيلي و برنامه‌ريزان آموزشي در جهت ارتقاي عملكرد شناختي و تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان مفيد باشد. كليدواژه‌ها: ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل، توجه، پيشرفت تحصيلي، دانش‌آموزان ابتدايي.

  encing the Level of Political Participation in the Naysar i Thesis Title: ghborhood

  Objective:The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) literacy and job performance among librarians working in public libraries of Kurdistan Province. In this regard, different aspects of job performance—including task performance, contextual performance, and counterproductive work behavior—were taken into consideration.Method:This research is applied in purpose and descriptive–correlational in nature. The statistical population consisted of 215 librarians employed in public libraries of Kurdistan Province in 2025. Based on Morgan’s table, 140 participants were selected through simple random sampling. Data collection instruments included Kennedy’s (2023) standardized AI Literacy Questionnaire and Koopmans et al.’s (2014) standardized Job Performance Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using regression analysis and one-sample  t-tests.Findings:The results indicated a significant positive relationship between AI literacy and librarians’ task performance (  ? 0.05). Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between AI literacy and counterproductive work behavior: certain dimensions of AI literacy, such as “data, information, and problem-solving literacy” and “job-related competencies,” predicted an increase in counterproductive behaviors, whereas the “problem-solving” dimension predicted their decrease. In contrast, no significant relationship was found between AI literacy and contextual performance. Results of the one-sample  t-test further revealed that both AI literacy and job performance levels among librarians were above average.Conclusion:Based on the findings, it can be concluded that enhancing AI literacy—particularly in areas such as data literacy, information literacy, and problem-solving skills—plays a vital role in improving librarians’ task performance while reducing counterproductive behaviors. This, in turn, can enhance the quality of public library services in the digital transformation era. Therefore, investing in AI-related specialized training programs for librarians is essential and will contribute to improving the quality of services in public libraries.Keywords:  AI literacy, problem-solving skills, data literacy, job performance, librarians of public libraries in Kurdistan Province

  This study explores the relationship between migration from the Middle East and Africa to Europe and the process of integration within the European Union. The central research question addresses how such migration affects European integration and contributes to the rise of anti-integration movements across EU member states. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the research draws on qualitative data from academic sources to investigate these dynamics. The findings indicate that large-scale migration—particularly when accompanied by ineffective policies and insufficient support for cultural integration—can lead to social fragmentation, the rise of populism, and the strengthening of nationalist sentiments. These developments, in turn, may hinder the integration process and prompt some countries to revert to inward-looking and isolationist policies. Furthermore, the study highlights how the absence of a unified EU migration policy and the lack of adherence to the principle of solidarity have intensified identity and cultural crises. In conclusion, the research offers recommendations for reforming migration policies and enhancing integration strategies, while underscoring the need for further studies to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the interaction between migration and European integration.

The aim of the present study was to determine the mediating role of self-efficacy in distress tolerance in the relationship between childhood trauma and relapse in addicted men in Kermanshah in 1403. The method of this study was a descriptive correlational study based on structural equations. The statistical population of this study included all addicted men with a history of at least one relapse in Kermanshah in 1403, of which 248 people were selected through voluntary sampling by referring to addiction treatment camps in Kermanshah, as well as addicted men in Kermanshah. To collect data, the standard scale for assessing the warning signs of addiction relapse (Gorsky, 1989), the standard childhood trauma questionnaire (Bernstein et al., 2003), and the self-efficacy in distress tolerance scale (Wolf-Arhalt, 2022) were used. The data were analyzed using    and LISREL software. The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between childhood trauma and relapse (rxy=0.740 and P=0.001), childhood trauma and self-efficacy in distress tolerance (rxy=-0.754 and P=0.001), and self-efficacy in distress tolerance with relapse (rxy=-0.724 and P=0.001). It was also found that the variable of self-efficacy in distress tolerance has a mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and relapse. Accordingly, it can be concluded that by increasing self-efficacy in distress tolerance, the rate of relapse among addicts can be reduced. Keywords: Childhood trauma, self-efficacy in distress tolerance, relapse, addicted men in Kermanshah.   

   Adolescents, considering that they are the future builders of society and on the other hand, because they are at a sensitive age biologically, require more attention than ever. Considering the increase in non-suicidal self-injury behaviors among adolescents, which sometimes lead to serious physical injuries; studying and researching the causes of these behaviors, predictive factors, correlated factors, and treatment of these behaviors is of great importance. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and spontaneous thoughts with non-suicidal self-injury behaviors in adolescents in Kermanshah city through the mediation of emotion regulation. This study is quantitative and, given its purpose, is 0.035 and p < 0.05) and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (r = 0.048 and p < 0.05). In the variable of parenting style, the schemas (abandonment, failure, vulnerability, undeveloped self (trapped), emotional inhibition, strict criteria, deficiency/shame, negativity, dependency, distrust, and punishment) are directly related to difficulty in emotion regulation (r > 0 and p < 0.05). In the parenting style variable; schemas (emotional deprivation, obedience, sacrifice, entitlement, acceptance seeking and self-control) have an inverse relationship with difficulty in regulating emotions (r < 0 and p < 0.05). Also, schemas (schemas of abandonment, failure, vulnerability, undeveloped self (trapped), obedience, emotional inhibition, strict criteria, negativity, dependence, distrust and punishment) have a direct relationship with the variable of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (r > 0 and p < 0.05). And schemas (emotional deprivation, deficiency/shame, sacrifice, entitlement, acceptance seeking and self-control) have a direct relationship with the variable of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (r < 0 and p < 0.05). However, the schemas of the parenting style variable do not have a correlation with the variable of negative self-destructive thoughts. Based on the findings of the present study, attention to emotion regulation skills and negative automatic thoughts, as well as considering parenting styles, can play an important role in reducing non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents. The conceptual model of the study had a good fit.

China is considered one of the top powers in the field of international political economy, the transformation and modernization adopted by the leaders of this country after the era of Mao and the adoption of the peaceful doctrine of Bajhan through free trade, open regionalism, economic plans with strong regional themes were proposed. China's leaders, by expanding the Chinese development model as a model that can promote neo-mercantilism policies in many regions, can be considered as a confrontation between the consensus of Beijing and the consensus of Washington in all areas influenced by both powers.   

   پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي ميزان فرسودگي شغلي بوسيله معناداري شغلي، درگيري شغلي، برنامه ريزي شغلي و با نقش ميانجي انگيزش شغلي انجام گرديد. از نظر هدف، پژوهش كاربردي و از حيث ماهيت توصيفي-همبستگي بود. جامعه آماري پژوهش شامل تمامي شاغلين (مجرد و متاهل) و همچنين شامل تمام آقايان و خانم هاي شاغل ساكن كرمانشاه در سال 1403 بود. نمونه پژوهش شامل 400 نفر خانم و آقاي شاغل بودند كه به روش در دسترس انتخاب و پرسشنامه ها به صورت دستي و حضوري تكميل شدند. براي جمع آوري داده ها از مقياس فرسودگي شغلي مسلش (1981)، پرسشنامه معناداري شغل آرنو نيكولاس و همكاران (2016)، پرسشنامه برنامه ريزي شغلي آدكلا (2011)، پرسشنامه درگيري شغلي كانونگو (1982) و پرسشنامه انگيزش شغلي لوداهل كجنر (1965) استفاده شد. داده ها به روش معادلات ساختاري و با    و AMOS تحليل شدند. نتايج تحليل داده ها نشان داد كه معناداري شغلي و انگيزش شغلي هم به صورت مستقيم و هم غيرمستقيم با فرسودگي شغلي رابطه معنادار دارند و برنامه ريزي شغلي و درگيري شغلي فقط به صورت مستقيم با فرسودگي شغلي رابطه معنادار دارند.

  uicide is one of the important factors of mental health, which has a high prevalence among students. Suicide is a multi-stage process that begins with suicidal thoughts, and the best stage to act and investigate is the stage of suicidal thoughts. Psychological factors play a decisive role in explaining suicide and suicidal thoughts, which have been the focus of researchers in the last few decades. This research sought to investigate the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and self-compassion with suicidal thoughts. The method of this research was a descriptive correlational type. To collect data, Beck's suicidal ideation questionnaire, Reyes' self-compassion, Grass's emotion regulation, and Wells' metacognitive beliefs were used. The population of this research consisted of students studying in the first semester of 1402-1403 Razi University, who were selected by the available sampling method, 422 (211 men and 211 women) people, to test the proposed model, from the structural equations of the analysis method of the minimum values model with the mean and The standard deviation of the given weight was used with the help of Mplus software. The results of the fit indices indicated the fit of the proposed model. The path coefficients of the proposed model showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between self-compassion and suicidal thoughts, between emotion regulation and suicidal thoughts. Although there was no direct relationship between metacognitive beliefs and suicidal thoughts. However, metacognitive beliefs had a negative (positive) and significant relationship with suicidal thoughts through emotion regulation. Also, emotion regulation had a mediating role between self-compassion and suicidal thoughts. Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between metacognitive beliefs and emotion regulation, self-compassion and emotion regulation. The findings of the research showed the importance of metacognitive beliefs and self-compassion on suicidal thoughts with a mediating role of emotion regulation.

  With the aim of better understanding the prediction of suicidal thoughts among students of Ilam city, this research investigated the role of sense of coherence, documentary styles and cognitive regulation of emotion as a mediating factor. This study used the descriptive-correlation method with the structural equation model approach. The statistical population of this research was all the students of different universities in Ilam in the years 1402-1403. Among this society, 384 students were randomly selected by stratification. Data were collected using standard questionnaires, including Beck et al.'s suicidal ideation questionnaire (1979), Antonovsky's sense of coherence questionnaire (1993), Patterson et al.'s (1983) documentation style questionnaire, and Garnevsky and Kraij's cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (2006). Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation coefficient tests, confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis and structural equation model in    and AMOS software. The results showed that the structural model for predicting students' suicidal thoughts, based on the sense of coherence and attributional styles with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation, has a good fit. Specifically, the sense of coherence and attributional styles not only directly affect suicidal thoughts, but they can also affect these thoughts through the cognitive regulation of emotion. These findings indicate the importance of understanding and intervening in these factors to prevent suicidal thoughts among students. Key words: suicidal thoughts, attributional styles, sense of coherence, cognitive regulation of emotion

The present study was conducted with the aim of the relationship between psychological flexibility and mental well-being with the mediation of satisfaction of basic needs and self-compassion in students of Razi University of Kermanshah. This study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlation type. The statistical population of this research included all the students of Razi University of Kermanshah in the academic year of 1402-1403. In this research, 350 male and female students were selected based on the entry and exit criteria. The tools used in this research are the standard questionnaires of Riff's psychological well-being scale (1989), Oxford happiness scale (Argyle and Hills, 2002), Keys' social well-being scale (1998), Desi and Ryan's basic needs satisfaction scale (2000), self-compassion scale. Varzi, Reis, Pamir, Neff, and Vengachet (2011) and Bund et al.'s psychological flexibility scale (2011). To check the normality of the data distribution using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; Pearson's correlation test and structural equation model hypotheses test were used to investigate the correlation between variables. The software used was    26 and Mplus 8. The results showed that the path coefficient of psychological flexibility and satisfaction of basic needs in customers is equal to -0.68; The value of the path coefficient of psychological flexibility and self-compassion equals -0.85; The path coefficient of psychological flexibility and mental well-being is not significant. Also, the value of the path coefficient of satisfaction of basic needs and mental well-being was equal to 0.75. The path coefficient of self-compassion and mental well-being is also not significant. Other results showed that satisfaction of basic needs can mediate the relationship between psychological flexibility and mental well-being to the extent of -0.66. Also, self-compassion cannot mediate the relationship between psychological flexibility and subjective well-being. A person who individually improves his mental state and benefits from psychological flexibility, self-compassion and satisfaction of basic needs, can contribute to social structures more effectively.   

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on the levels of motivation, psychological capital and positive academic emotions in single-parent students. The research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a follow-up period of 45 days. All female students from single-parent families covered by the welfare organization of West Islamabad city in 2022, who were studying in the first secondary school, formed the statistical population of the study, with the available sampling method and according to the entry criteria. 30 subjects were selected for the study and 15 people were assigned to each group. In addition to the demographic information checklist-researcher-made form, data collection was done with the academic emotions questionnaire (Pekran et al., 2011), the psychological capital questionnaire (Lutans et al., 2007) and the motivation questionnaire (Harter, 1981). Data analysis in addition to descriptive statistics methods (prevalence, percentage, mean and standard deviation), by testing the assumptions of parametric statistics, Ben-Ferroni post hoc test and analysis of variance with repeated measurements with    statistical software. -26 was done. The results showed that the levels of motivation (?=2.681, F=44.734 and P=0.000), psychological capital (?=2.586, F=87.642 and P=0.000) and positive emotion Academic performance (? = 0.507, F = 116.778 and P = 0.000) was significantly improved in the subjects of the experimental group compared to the subjects of the control group, and this benefit remained stable in the 45-day follow-up period. Therefore, it is necessary for mental health specialists to pay attention to psychological and academic problems in single-parent students, by considering and carrying out intervention programs, to provide the fields of psychological resilience and academic efficiency in this group.   

  AbstractConsidering the vital role of teachers in education and social development, investigating the role of factors affecting their job performance is of great importance, this research aims to determine the relationship between personality traits and job burnout with the mediation of psychological flexibility and self-compassion in The teachers were done. The method of descriptive-correlational research was structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all primary teachers who were teaching in the public schools of Kermanshah in the academic year of 1401-1402. 312 people were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The tools used are Maslach Job Burnout Questionnaire (MBI), Short Form Personality Characteristics Questionnaire (NEO-FFI), Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (Acceptance Scale and Editing Action The second was )AAQ-II) and self-compassion questionnaire short form (SCS-SF). For data analysis, Pearson correlation statistical tests and structural equation modeling were performed with version 27 and smart pLs version 3 software. Findings showed that the relationship between personality traits and job burnout was significant; the relationship between extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness with job burnout was negative; but the relationship between neuroticism and job burnout was positive. It was also shown that the characteristics Extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness personality had a positive relationship with psychological flexibility, but neuroticism had a negative relationship with psychological flexibility. The relationship between extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness personality traits with positive but neurotic self-compassion Temperament had a negative relationship with self-compassion, and openness had no relationship with self-compassion. Also, the relationship between psychological flexibility and self-compassion with job burnout was shown to be negative. The indirect effect of personality traits on teachers' job burnout was significant through psychological flexibility and self-compassion. Based on the results of this research, it is suggested that the role of positive personality traits, psychological flexibility and self compassion in reducing job burnout should be consideredKeywords: personality traits, job burnout, psychological flexibility, self-compassion, teachers

   Abstract Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting depression symptoms based on parenting styles with the mediation of negative affect. Method: The current research belongs to correlational designs in terms of data collection and analysis. A sample of 300 boys from middle schools of Hersin city was selected by random cluster sampling. The data of the research was collected by using the questionnaires of depression scale of adolescents Maria Kovacs (1979), parenting questionnaire of Baumrind (1972) and Atefeh Sulbakken and Monsen (2021) questionnaires, and for analysis, the path analysis method was used using    version 28 software. and Amos version 24 was used. Findings: The findings showed that parenting styles had a direct effect on depression symptoms. The authoritarian style reduced the symptoms of depression and the permissive style increased the symptoms of depression. Also, the authoritarian and permissive parenting styles had a direct effect on negative affect, the authoritarian style decreased negative affect and the permissive style increased negative affect. The most direct effect related to authoritarian parenting style on depression symptoms with a coefficient of -0.34 and a significance level of p>0.001, and the largest indirect effect related to an authoritarian parenting style through negative affect on depression with a coefficient of -0.098 and a significance level of 0.001 0> p was relevant. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that negative affect as a mediator between parenting styles and depression symptoms can explain depression in high school boys, and as a result, paying attention to this issue can lead to some recommendations. To prevent and reduce adolescent depression. Key words: parenting styles, symptoms of depression, negative affect, teenagers

 Today, border bazaars are very important in the type and manner of cross-border interactions between countries. Parviz Khan's border bazaar in Kermanshah province has the highest number of interactions in the cross-border relations between Iran and Iraq. show the political economy interactions between the two countries; According to the statistics published by the relevant authorities and the comments and discussions of the officials of this field, it seems that the cross-border interactions of the two countries have significant differences with the target amount, and new competitors for Iran's influence in the Iraqi market have emerged. Therefore, considering the increasing importance of the Iraqi market for Iran, it is necessary to examine the pattern governing the political economy interactions of the two countries, especially in the area of ??the Parvizkhan market, as the most important bases of interaction between the two countries; The above research aims to answer this question: How can the pattern governing the cross-border relations between Iran and Iraq in Parvizkhan border be analyzed in the framework of Susan Strange's political economy approach? He has put forward this claim: Iran's cross-border interactions with Iraq at the Parviz Khan border, affected by the structure of production, finance, security, and existing science and technology, have led to a fragile and unstable situation in the political economy relations of the two countries. In the upcoming research, using the method of exploratory interviews with Bazarche Parvizkhan activists, experts and university professors and theorizing them in the theoretical framework of Suzan Strange's political economy approach, it was concluded that the current interactions of the two countries are affected by the structure of production, finance, security and Science and technology has a fragile and unstable situation and requires reforms in the above four areas. Key words: Iran-Iraq-border bazaar-political economy-Susan Strange

Abstract The Islamic Revolution of Iran was the greatest political event of the second half of the 20th century, with the united uprising and all-round unity of the Iranian people to overthrow the Pahlavi tyranny and replace the Islamic Republic and implement Islamic laws and regulations in all aspects of their lives under the leadership and guidance of the Imam. Khomeini (RA) won on 22 February 1357. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, many obstacles and problems arose from the enemies of this system, including the assassination of efficient personalities and creating disruptions in its various parts. They did not stop hitting it. Among these obstacles are all kinds of economic sanctions from the United States and European powers to the assassination of the country's great scientists and cultural invasion and leading street riots in Iran; However, the Islamic Revolution of Iran has continued on its path of excellence and pursued its goals and ideals with double seriousness. However, Iran's Islamic Revolution has faced obstacles, damages and challenges on its way, and at the same time, it has many capacities and opportunities that with proper management and planning, threats can be turned into opportunities for preservation and continuity. transformed the Islamic revolution and set a positive and bright future for the Islamic revolution. This research is trying to answer the basic question that according to the statements of Ayatollah Khamenei and the increasing developments of the international community and its impact on the values, goals and ideals of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, the future of this revolution from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei What possible situations will Allah Khamenei face? In the present study, the ideals and goals of the Islamic Revolution of Iran are examined first, and then the threats and challenges, as well as the capacities and opportunities of the Islamic Revolution from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei, are explained and investigated. In this research, an attempt has been made to determine what the future of the Islamic Revolution will be like from Ayatollah Khamenei's point of view, and secondly, how the Islamic Revolution will be able to protect its ideals and fundamental goals against various domestic, foreign and international threats and challenges. and use the available opportunities and capacities to maintain and expand their values ??and ideals. The research method in this research is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method, and the research findings were obtained by library collection method. According to the results obtained from this research, from Ayatollah Khamenei's point of view, in relation to the international environment and the changes caused by globalization, not only has there been no disruption in the Islamic Revolution of Iran, but valuable opportunities have been placed in front of it. And in the face of cultural invasion and the efforts of foreign media, as well as internal challenges and threats, the Islamic revolution did not falter or weaken, and with the i  iration of the original goals, ideals and slogans of Islam, it persevered in front of the arrogant people of the world and went on the path of growth and excellence. has continued; Of course, it should be noted that moving away from the original goals and principles of Islam can endanger the future of the Islamic Revolution. In this context, special attention should be paid to internal convergence, effective participation of people in political affairs, as well as challenging and threatening factors.    Keywords: the future of the Islamic Revolution, Ayatollah Khamenei, pathology of the Islamic Revolution, threats of the Islamic Revolution, opportunities of the Islamic Revolution      

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي نقش ميانجي تكانشگري در رابطه با سبك‌هاي تصميم‌گيري و عدم تحمل ابهام با رفتار پرخطر در دانشجويان انجام شد. روش پژوهش حاضر، توصيفي و از نوع همبستگي مي‌باشد. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش كليه دانشجويان دانشگاه رازي شهر كرمانشاه در سال 1400 بودند كه بر اساس تعداد ثبت شده در دانشگاه 11759 نفر مي‌باشند. نمونه آماري پژوهش372 نفر از دانشجويان بودند كه اين حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول مورگان و از طريق نمونه گيري در دسترس انجام گرفت. ابزارگردآوري اطلاعات، پرسشنامه رفتار پرخطر، تكانشي و خود مخرب ساده، باسكين، سامرز (2017)، پرسشنامه سبك‌هاي تصميم‌گيري اسكات و بروس (1995)، پرسشنامه عدم تحمل بلاتكليفي فريستون و همكاران (1994) و پرسشنامه پنج عاملي رفتار تكانشي لينام (2013) مي‌باشد.اين پرسشنامه‌ها به روش مجازي و آنلاين در اختيار نمونه‌ها قرار گرفت. داده‌هاي گردآوري شده از   -26 وآموس وارد شد و با استفاده از روش مدل يابي معادلات ساختاري مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفت. نتايج حاصل نشان مي‌دهد كه بين سبك‌هاي تصميم‌گيري با تكانشگري با (01/0p< ,58/0=?)، بين تكانشگري با عدم تحمل ابهام با (01/0, <79/0=?)، بين سبك‌هاي تصميم‌گيري با رفتار پرخطر با (01/0 p<,69/0=?)، بين عدم تحمل ابهام با رفتارپرخطر با (01/0p< ,68/0=?) و بين تكانشگري با رفتار پرخطر با (01/0 p<,87/0=?) رابطه مثبت و معناداري وجود دارد. همچنين نتايج نشان مي‌دهد كه تكانشگري با اثر غيرمستقيم (01/0 p<,62/0=?) در رابطه بين سبك‌هاي تصميم‌گيري و رفتار پرخطر و همچنين با اثر غيرمستقيم (01/0 p<,53/0=?) بين عدم تحمل ابهام و رفتار پرخطر نقش ميانجي دارد. باتوجه به يافته‌هاي به دست آمده در اين پژوهش مي‌توان نتيجه گرفت كه سبك‌هاي تصميم‌گيري و عدم تحمل ابهام به صورت مستقيم و از طريق تكانشگري به صورت غير مستقيم در بروز رفتار‌هاي پرخطر از قبيل گرايش به مصرف مواد مخدر، الكل، فرار از خانه، روابط جنسي پرخطر نقش مهمي دارند. به همين دليل مي توان با مديريت كردن و آموزش سبك‌هاي تصميم‌گيري، ميزان تحمل ابهام را افزايش و تكانشگري را كاهش داد و در نتيجه از بروز رفتارهاي پرخطر جلوگيري كرد. كلمات كليدي: تكانشگري؛ سبك‌هاي تصميم‌گيري؛عدم تحمل ابهام؛ رفتارهاي پرخطر

Today, with the increase in the number of divorces and remarriages, the issue of stepchildren and paying attention to psychological structures in upbringing, education and mental health issues of them and other family members is one of the important issues in psychological societies, especially in developed or developing countries. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between resilience and sexual knowledge with marital intimacy in couples with stepchildren. In terms of its practical purpose, this research is descriptive-survey in nature and causal-correlation in its implementation. The statistical population of this research includes all couples with stepchildren in Kermanshah city. In the present study, the sample members were selected from the main population using available sampling method. Among the sample members, 200 parents (100 female parents and 100 male parents) were selected based on the entry criteria. The method of selection and access to the sample members was through finding information on families that have stepchildren through schools (with the help of the school principal and counselor ), through counseling and psychology centers (through the cooperation of the director of the centers and the cooperation of the clients) and also through the acquaintance of the researcher through family and friends. To collect data from the Marital Intimacy Questionnaires of Walker and Thompson (1983), Emotion regulation by Granfsky et al. (2001), resilience by Connor and Davidson (2003), sexual knowledge by Anne Hooper (1992) were used. The sample people examined due to the conditions of the corona disease online to the questionnaires designed in the Google website form. answered the questions. To check the normality and correlation between the research variables, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Pearson correlation test were used, respectively. Also, the structural equation model was used to test the research hypotheses. To analyze the data, the IBM AMOS 24 software was used. The results showed that resilience and sexual knowledge They have a significant relationship directly with marital intimacy (p?0.05). Also, the results showed that cognitive emotion regulation has a significant relationship with marital intimacy in couples with stepchildren (p?0.05). Other results showed that cognitive emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between resilience and sexual knowledge with marital intimacy in couples with stepchildren (p?0.05). Based on this, it can be concluded that since troubled relationships and problems between couples affect children, paying attention to the intimacy of couples and teaching structures such as resilience, sexual knowledge, and helping to regulate emotions in couples can help create intimacy between couples. Be influential with the stepchild.   

 SummaryThe effectiveness of theory of mind training on emotion regulation, executive functions and social competence in elementary school boys in district 19 of Tehran city.This research was applied in terms of purpose and semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research was male students of the fifth and sixth grade of elementary school in district 19 of Tehran. The sample was selected in such a way that after selecting 30 students who were low in terms of academic level, they were randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people (experimental and control). For the experimental group, in the pre-test stage, theory of mind training based on the Hall and Tager-Flasberg model was provided in 8 sessions, and in order to collect the required data, an emotion regulation questionnaire, an executive functions questionnaire and a social competence questionnaire were used. The data was processed and analyzed using SPSS-24 software, and multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the hypotheses.The findings showed that theory of mind training has a significant effect on children's emotion regulation, children's executive functions and children's social competence (P<0.01), so that theory of mind training increases emotion regulation, executive functions and social competence in students with poor performance. It becomes academic.Strengthening the theory of mind, which is of particular importance in giving meaning and improving emotion regulation, social behavior, should be considered as an effective intervention in educational programs by educators and education and psychology specialists.Keywords: theory of mind, emotion regulation, executive functions, social competence, male students

Background: Executive functions and theory of mind are the most important skills necessary for children's social and emotional development. But the main issue is whether there is a significant relationship between executive functions and social and emotional development of 5-6 year old preschool children with the mediation of theory of mind? Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between executive functions and social and emotional development with the mediation of theory of mind in preschool children in Kermanshah. Method: The method of this study was descriptive-correlation based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research included all 5 to 6-year-old children in preschool centers in the academic year of 1401-1402 in Kermanshah city. A total of 307 subjects were selected as a sample using a staged cluster method. The research tools are: Coppage's Executive Functions Questionnaire (2002), Weiland's Social Development Questionnaire (Edgar, 1984), Hutchins' Theory of Mind Questionnaire (2013) and Gree  an's Functional Emotional Development Questionnaire (2002). And the research data were analyzed using Amos and    software. Findings: There is a significant relationship between executive functions and children's social and emotional development with the mediation of theory of mind (p > 5.0). Conclusion: With timely interventions in executive functions and theory of mind, children's social and emotional development can be increased.

   Abstract    The purpose of this research is the role of women in family economic decisions It was in West Islamabad city. The statistical population included all married women who The sample size was selected using Cochran's formula of 377 people. In this research, a questionnaire was used to collect information. By using    software, Pearson correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the hypotheses. The results of Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that the economic decision-making rate of women was the highest in individual characteristics (income) and the lowest in individual characteristics (age). Also, according to the Kruskal-Wallis test, it was determined that the dimensions of education of women with postgraduate and doctorate education, job (studying), socio-economic base dimension (very high status), economic level dimension (very high status) have the highest The role of women was in the economic decision-making of the family.    Key words: women, economic decisions, family, West Islamabad         

The political behavior of Iranians, at least in the contemporary history of Iran, has been analyzed by domestic thinkers and sociologists, politicians and journalists, both domestic and foreign. In this way, we have always tried to answer a few questions. That; To what extent has tyranny been involved in shaping the political behavior of Iranians today? Is the extremism that is seen in some aspects of Iranians' behavior also manifested in their political behaviors? And what place have the elites and the elite society played in shaping the political behavior of our country? And what are the causes of secrecy, hypocrisy and distrust of others in Iranian political culture? From the perspective of political culture, the most destructive result of tyranny is that it lowers self-confidence (self-confidence), trust in others and trust in the government to its lowest level and prevents constructive, group and collective interaction. Tyranny inclines people inward and tries to take shortcuts by justifying harsh external conditions and, in fact, to deceive. Since human nature tends towards truth and truthfulness and seeks the truth, so hypocrisy, distrust and secrecy are considered disgusting and condemned. These characteristics are one of the behavioral pests that have undesirable social consequences and consequences; For example, some experts consider one of the biggest consequences of this issue to be the loss of social trust between individuals, organizations and people, or between people and government. In this study, we tried to address this behavior of Iranians and the causes of secrecy, hypocrisy and distrust of others in Iranian political culture (from Qajar to the present). Keywords: Behavior, Political, Iranians, Sociologists, Politicians

  that threatens the health and well-being of the individual and society and its prevalence among adolescents is common as one of the vulnerable groups. Behaviors that negatively affect adolescents' general growth and well-being, or prevent them from succeeding, as well as their future growth, are called high risky behaviors. Most studies confirm that environmental and family factors are associated with high-risk behaviors, but the aspect that seems to be less considered is personality and internal factors, so the aim of this study was to predict adolescents' high-risk behaviors based on Alexitymia and The Three Dark Traits of Personality mediated by Perceived Strees. For this purpose, a sample of 352 male and female high school students in Bukan city was selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Students replied to scales of Alexitymia,   The Three Dark Traits of Personality, Perceived Strees , and adolescent high-risk behaviors. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there are positive and significant relationships between The Alexitymia and high-risk behaviors, Three Dark Traits and high-risk behaviors. Perceived stress also has a significant effect on adolescents' high-risk behaviors. The mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between The Alexitymia and dark personality traits with high-risk behaviors was also confirmed; so Alexitymia and The Three Dark Traits of Personality predict more risky behaviors during perceived negative stre   Therefore, paying attention to these variables and trying to reduce the negative emotions affected by them can be effective in preventing and reducing high-risk behaviors. Keywords: High Risk Behaviors, The Alexitymia, The Three Dark Personality Traits, Perceived Stress, Adolescents

one group of women heads of households are women whose husbands are in prison for various reasons and for law enforcement purposes. This group of women is structurally and functionally different from other families and in the absence of their husbands as heads of households. They are facing many problems.One of the goals of positive psychology, which indicates the use of human potential to grow in a positive way, is psychological well-being. The research design was descriptive of the type of correlation and the study population included all women with prisoners's wives in Paveh in 1399.According to the size of the population, the whole population (100 people) was selected by full sampling method. . Multivariate linear regression using stepwise method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Findings from the study showed that the subscales of the importance of commitment to marriage (moral) and perception of individual competence are able to predict the psychological well-being of women prisoners and with the help of 16.7% of the dependent variable, ie psychological well-being ( p <0.05)Also, none of Pearson correlation coefficients between perceived social support components and psychological well-being were significant.

This study aimed to determine the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between religious commitment and academic expectations stress with students' academic dishonesty. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all 1147 high school students in Ravansar in the academic year 2020-2021. Among them, 315 people were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Data were collected using Worthington et al.'s (2003) Religious Commitment Questionnaire, Ang & Huan's (2006) Academic Stress Questionnaire, Mccabe & Trevino's (1996) academic dishonesty Questionnaire, and Jing and Morgan's (1999) Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using Smart PLS software. The results showed that the model has a good fit with the research data. Academic self-efficacy as a mediating variable was positively related to Intrapersonal religious commitment and negatively related to academic stress and academic dishonesty. No relationship was found between interpersonal religious commitment and academic self-efficacy. The relationship between both components of religious commitment and academic dishonesty was negative and the relationship between parent-teacher academic expectations and academic dishonesty was positive. No significant relationship was found between stress due to personal academic expectations and academic dishonesty. Finally, the mediating role of academic self-efficacy to religious commitment and academic dishonesty was relatively acknowledged. The mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between academic expectations stress and academic dishonesty was also confirmed. Based on this, it can be concluded that strengthening religious commitment and academic self-efficacy beliefs can lead to controlling academic dishonesty behaviors, and strengthening academic self-efficacy beliefs can also alleviate the stress of academic expectations.  

   هدف: تجربه سوگ يكي از واقعيت‌هاي زندگي ما آدميان است و اين اتفاق تلخ، خواهي نخواهي در چرخه زندگي ما انسان‌ها رخ مي‌دهد. سوگ، يكي از همگاني‌ترين واكنش‌هاي انساني است كه در همه فرهنگ‌ها و گروه‌هاي سني، در پاسخ به انواع مختلف فقدان، اتفاق مي‌افتد. يكي از شايع‌ترين و عميق‌ترين تجربه‌هاي فقدان و سوگ نيز مربوط به ناكامي ناشي از   فروپاشي روابط عاشقانه و عمدتاً عشق است. يكي از مشكلات عمده افراد مبتلا به ضربه عشق، كاهش سطح بهزيستي؛ سطح پايين رضايت از زندگي؛ و خشم و اندوه است. افزايش توانايي تنظيم هيجاني افراد براي رشد سالم روابط بين‌فردي لازم است. روش: اين مطالعه با طرح توصيفي از نوع علّي – مقايسه‌اي انجام شد. جامعه آماري شامل تمام دختران دوره كارشناسي دانشگاه رازي كرمانشاه بود. تعداد 90 نفر به صورت 30 نفر مبتلا به ضربه عشق، 30 نفر سوگ، و 30 نفر عادي (بدون مشكل و ناراحتي روان‌شناختي خاص يا حاد) به شيوه هدفمند و گلوله برفي انتخاب شدند. براي فهم و تشخيص درست هر سه گروه از مصاحبه كوتاه‌مدت 20 دقيقه‌اي استفاده شد و در صورت برآورده شدن ملاك‌ها، پرسشنامه‌هاي مقياس چندبعدي رضايت از زندگي، مقياس استرس ادراك شده و پرسشنامه تنظيم شناختي هيجان جهت جمع‌آوري داده‌ها در اختيار آزمودني‌ها قرار داده شد. يافته‌ها: تحليل داده‌ها نشان داد كه پيش‌فرض‌ها (همگني كوواريانس‌ها و واريانس‌ها) بر قرار است. همچنين آزمون­هاي تحليل واريانس چندمتغيره نشان داد كه بين گروه­ها (ضربه­ي عشق، سوگ و عادي) از لحاظ مولفه­ها تفاوت معنادار (0001/0>P) وجود داشت. نمره­ رضايت از زندگي دانشجويان در بين مبتلايان به ضربه­ي عشق، سوگ و افراد عادي تفاوت معنادار داشت. به عبارتي رضايت از زندگي در گروه ضربه عشق از هر دو گروه عادي و سوگ كمتر بود. در تنظيم شناختي هيجان بين دانشجويان مبتلا به ضربه عشق، سوگ و عادي تفاوت معنا‌دار وجود داشت. در واقع به‌صورت كلي در گروه ضربه­ي عشق نسبت به عادي، از راهبردهاي سازش­يافته كمتر و از راهبردهاي سازش‌نايافته بيشتر استفاده مي‌كردند. يافته ديگر نشان داد كه در مورد استرس ادراك شده بين دانشجويان مبتلا به   ضربه عشق، سوگ و عادي تفاوت معنا‌دار وجود داشت. استرس ادراك شده در گروه ضربه­ي عشق نسبت به افراد عادي بيشتر بود ولي با گروه سوگ تفاوتي نداشت.

Abstract   Entering adolescence and passing through it and then reaching adolescence and fertility and flourishing ages are not experienced in the same way in all adolescents and sometimes occur with anomalies.   Violence and aggression is one of the issues and abnormalities that disrupt the process of growth and development, and violence and aggression in adolescents cause a person to not be able to pass the period of growth and preparation for the reproductive and productive ages.   The aim of this study was to investigate the individual and situational factors of violence and aggression in adolescents.   The research method was qualitative and the statistical population of the study included all 12-18 year old male and female high school students in Kermanshah who were referred to counseling and psychology centers in the city due to violence and aggression, was conducted in 2016-2017.   31 people were selected by purposive sampling method.   Research tools include: semi-structured interview, demographic information questionnaire in which data were collected and recorded and coded.   Data analysis was performed in two stages of open coding, axial coding.   Data analysis leads to discovery and >factor   Thus, the results showed that adolescents have significant problems in various aspects of their lives that require Address wE More attention: from mental health officials and professions Keywords: Violence, Aggression, Individual and Situational Factors of Adolescents   

The present study is the relationship between achievement motivation and IQ beliefs with academic motivation through academic emotions. The statistical population of this study was all female high school students in Ilam who were studying in the academic year 1399-1499. The sample size includes 300 people. Among the students who were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method, the assessment tools were Hermans Progress Motivation Questionnaire (1978), Pekran Academic Emotions Questionnaire (2005), Frederick Blumenfeid Academic Enthusiasm Questionnaire (2004), and Beliefs Questionnaire. Hoshy Abdolfattah and Yates (2006), the collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings showed that there are positive and significant causal relationships between incremental intelligence beliefs, achievement motivation, positive emotions and negative and significant causal relationships between innate beliefs of intelligence and negative emotions with academic motivation. Also, the mediating role of positive and negative emotions in The relationship between IQ beliefs and achievement motivation with academic motivation was confirmed.  

   نوجوانان ­داراينيازهاي گوناگوني هستند، كه از اين ميان،نيازهاي اساسي روانشناختي(خودمختاري، شايستگي و ارتباط) به صورت انگيزه­اي برايدرگيري فعالانه، پرورش مهارت­ها و بالندگي نقش مهمي در عملكرد آن­ها دارد، مدرسهيكي از محيط­هايي است كه بر نوجوانان تاثير زيادي دارد، اين پژوهش با هدف ادراكتجارب زيسته­ي دانش­آموزان از ارضاي نيازهاي اساسي روانشناختي در كلاس انجام شد،نمونه­گيري هدفمند و از نوع ملاكي بود و پس از انجام مصاحبه­ عميق و نيمهساختاريافته با 18 دانش­آموز(9 دختر و 9 پسر) اشباع نظري داده­ها حاصل شدي تحليلداده­ها با استفاده از راهبردي هفت مرحله­اي كلايزي صورت گرفت و با ارجاع داده­هابه اساتيد و دانش­آموزان اعتباريابي يافته­ها حاصل شد. و 33 مضمون فرعي در پنجمضمون اصلي شامل مناسب بودن روش تدريس آموزگار، دوستيابي و كيفيت برقراريارتباط، ويژگي­هاي رفتاري آموزگار، ادراك مثبت فرد از توانايي خويش و احساستوانمند و مفيد بودن، داشتن احساس استقلال و آزادي عمل، تجميع گرديد.همچنين نتايج نشانگر وجود تفاوت در كيفيت و كميت نيازهاي اساسي روانشناختي دانش­آموزاندختر و پسر در كلاس بود.كليد واژه­ها: تجربه­ي زيسته، نياز­هاي اساسي روانشناختي،خودمختاري، شايستگي، ارتباط و دانش­آموزان.    

   Abstract: The concept of social capital has gained a prominent place in political, economic and social studies in recent decades and has been regarded as a key to resolving many social problems. Therefore, experts and analysts have devised and worked out ways to create and enhance this capital, which is important in the context of other capital, such as human capital and economic capital, and more. Identify and reduce what causes the weakening and erosion of this capital. The present study also attempts to analyze the impact of corruption on the amount of social capital. So the main question of this study is how can corruption affect social capital? The hypothesis tested in answering this question is that corruption reduces capital by undermining citizens' trust and diminishing their social participation in a set of civil society networks. Socializing. Keywords: Corruption, Social Capital, Social Trust, Social Participation, Social Networks.