پروانه عبدالمالكي

  Among the works of Mulla Sadra, the book *al-Shaw?hid al-Rub?biyyah f? al-Man?hij al-Sul?kiyyah* (Divine Witnesses regarding the Paths of Spiritual Conduct) holds a special place. Its significance lies in the fact that it can be viewed as a summary of Mulla Sadra’s philosophical and mystical views found in *al-Asf?r*—his most comprehensive philosophical work. The relationship between these two books is one of partial overlap (*‘um?m wa-khu??? min wajh*); many issues addressed in both are articulated differently in each. *Al-Shaw?hid al-Rub?biyyah* is a prominent philosophical text in which Mulla Sadra presents most of his views—sometimes briefly and at other times in detail—using fluent, smooth, and engaging language. In this book, he also sets forth his final views and convictio   furthermore, it contains material not found in *al-Asf?r* or his other works. Written in Arabic, *al-Shaw?hid al-Rub?biyyah* is organized into five main chapters. Throughout history, numerous prominent thinkers and figures in Islamic philosophy and theology have analyzed and commented on the text—including sages such as Mulla Ali Nuri, Mulla Hadi Sabzevari, and Mohammad Reza Qomshei. In contemporary times, scholars such as Yahya Kabir, Javad Mosleh, Hassan Mo'allemi, Ali Babaei, Gholamreza Fayyazi, and Marzieh Akhlaqi have engaged in translating and expounding upon the book. Today, one of the finest commentaries on the work is that of Professor Mohammad Hossein Heshmatpour. Unfortunately, this commentary—originally delivered as a series of lectures to university students and seminary scholars—remains available only in audio format; no written, edited, or readily usable transcript or study based on these lectures currently exists. The present treatise seeks to preserve that valuable commentary by transcribing and researching the explanations provided by Professor Mohammad Hossein Heshmatpour.

Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have transformed the ways in which power resources are generated, organized, and employed within the international system, making technological capabilities an increasingly significant determinant of states’ national power. This study aims primarily to explain and analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on the components of Iraq’s national power and to identify the opportunities and challenges arising from the development and application of this technology in strengthening the country’s national capacities during the period from 2017 to 2026.The main research question is: How does artificial intelligence affect the components of Iraq’s national power, and what are the most significant opportunities and challenges associated with it? The central hypothesis posits that the targeted development and application of artificial intelligence can strengthen Iraq’s national power by enhancing its economic-technological, military-security, political-governance, and diplomatic-soft power capacities. However, the realization of this potential depends on digital and technological infrastructure, human capital, institutional capacity and the quality of governance, legal and regulatory frameworks, investment in science and technology, the degree of technological dependence, and the quality of international cooperation.The theoretical framework of the study is primarily grounded in classical realism and Hans Morgenthau’s theory of national power, while Joseph Nye’s concepts of soft power and smart power serve as a complementary framework. The study adopts a qualitative, descriptive-analytical research approach. Data are collected through library and documentary research and examined using qualitative and thematic analysis.The findings indicate that the impact of artificial intelligence on Iraq’s national power is neither direct nor automatic; rather, it is multidimensional and conditional. In the economic-technological dimension, the main identified opportunities include increased productivity, improved management of energy and water resources, development of the digital economy, and enhanced innovation. In the military-security dimension, they include improved intelligence analysis, threat prediction, cybersecurity, and crisis management. In the political-governance dimension, the principal opportunities involve data-driven decision-making, improved public services, greater tra  arency, and enhanced state implementation capacity. In the diplomatic-soft power dimension, the key opportunities include the development of digital diplomacy, public opinion analysis, management of Iraq’s international image, and the expansion of scientific and technological cooperation.Conversely, inadequate infrastructure and human capital, institutional and data fragmentation, shortcomings in legal and regulatory frameworks, cybersecurity vulnerabilities, and technological dependence constitute some of the most significant challenges.Overall, the study finds that the central hypothesis receives analytical support and concludes that Iraq’s fundamental challenge lies not merely in gaining access to artificial intelligence, but rather in developing the capacity to absorb, organize, localize, and responsibly utilize AI in order to transform technological potential into effective national power.

  Repentance is one of the mostfundamental educational, moral, and spiritual concepts in the Holy Quran,which, in addition to turning a person away from sin, provides the basis forcorrecting behavior, strengthening the relationship with God, and rebuildinghis moral character. The Sahifa al-Sajjadiyah, especially the thirty-firstsupplication, is one of the most important prayer texts in explaining andrecreating this Quranic concept; therefore, the present study was conductedwith the main aim of identifying and analyzing how the verses and themesrelated to repentance are reflected in the Sahifa al-Sajjadiyah and explainingits moral, educational, spiritual, and mystical dimensions. This study isqualitative and analytical in terms of method and data collection method,library and documental in which the Holy Quran and the Sahifa al-Sajjadiyahwere examined as the main sources and authoritative interpretations, Islamicscience books, and related research were examined as supplementary sources. Inthe analysis process, first and reconstructed them in the form of the prayerful and livedexperience of a believer. Also, the results showed that repentance in Sahifaal-Sajjadiyah is a dynamic and multi-stage process that begins with awakeningand self-awareness, continues with recognition and acceptance of error, regret,seeking forgiveness, and hope for divine mercy, and ultimately leads toabandoning sin, determination to correct, make amends for the error, and movingtoward divine closeness. Accordingly, repentance in the thought of Imam Sajjad(AS) is not simply a worshipful act to seek forgiveness, but rather acomprehensive model for self-improvement, strengthening responsibility,self-control, cultivating moral virtues, preventing despair, and rebuilding aperson's relationship with God, oneself, and society; therefore, Sahifaal-Sajjadiyah can be considered a deep and educational reflection of theQuranic teachings on repentance that, by transforming the theoreticalprinciples of the Quran into an inner and prayerful experience, turnsrepentance into a continuous process for human reform and exaltation.  Keywords: repentance, Holy Quran,Sahifa Sajjadiyah, Imam Sajjad (AS), moral education.

   Literature is a product of the social and political conditions of its time, and many of the social realities of a nation are reflected in its literary and artistic works. Today, fiction, particularly the short story, is regarded as one of the most significant genres of literature. Despite its structural brevity and the limited use of narrative elements, the short story employs the same fundamental principles and techniques of storytelling as other forms of fiction. Therefore, the arrangement and function of narrative elements within short stories provide a valuable subject for literary analysis. Ghassan Kanafani was one of the most committed writers associated with the Palestinian resistance movement, dedicating his literary talent to promoting national ideals and the noble culture of Palestinian resistance. Given the large number of his short stories, the present study focuses on two selected works, Al-Munzaliq and Al-'Arus, both of which embody humanitarian and freedom-seeking values while portraying the alienation, deprivation, and displacement experienced by the Palestinian people. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines and analyzes the narrative elements employed in these two short stories. The findings reveal that Kanafani skillfully utilizes narrative techniques to achieve his artistic and ideological objectives. The omniscient narrator possesses complete knowledge of both external events and the characters' inner thoughts, conveying them effectively through vivid descriptions and carefully constructed scenes. Various forms of conflict, including psychological and personal struggles, are presented alongside the effective use of suspense through the characters' actions and dialogue. Dialogue, whether in the form of internal monologue or interpersonal conversation, serves as one of the principal narrative devices, contributing to the development of the stories' themes and the revelation of the characters' personalities. Kanafani's realistic narrative tone, together with his effective use of symbolism, constitutes another distinctive feature of his storytelling. Furthermore, his focus on social issues arising from colonial domination, combined with his powerful depiction of setting and atmosphere, represents another prominent characteristic of these stories.

   Abstract Purpose: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of social media literacy training on cognitive warfare among students at Razi University. Method: This study is an applied research in terms of its objective. It employs a quasi-experimental design, specifically a pre-test/post-test control group design. The participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. A total of 32 students were chosen during the 2024-2025 academic year and were randomly assigned to either a control group (n=16) or an experimental group (n=16). For data analysis, both descriptive and inferential statistical tests were utilized. Findings: The findings indicate that social media literacy training has a significant positive effect on enhancing students' ability to counter cognitive warfare. However, a more detailed analysis revealed a more complex picture. The educational intervention did not have a significant impact on five (Navigation, Curation, Appraisal, Comprehension and Creation) of the six components of social media literacy. In contrast, the only component significantly affected by the training was the interaction dimension, suggesting a change in users' social behavior in the virtual space. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that social media literacy training positively and significantly enhanced students' ability to counter cognitive warfare. However, a more detailed analysis of the components revealed that this overall effect did not stem from an improvement in cognitive skills such as Navigation, Appraisal, or content comprehension, as the educational intervention had no significant impact on these dimensions. Conversely, the interaction component was the only one that showed significant improvement. This key finding suggests that the students' increased resistance to cognitive warfare is rooted not in the enhancement of critical content analysis abilities, but rather in a shift in their behavioral patterns and social interactions within the Social Media. Keywords: Cognitive Warfare, Social Media Literacy, Media Literacy Education, Creation, Razi University Students. Abstract Purpose: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of social media literacy training on cognitive warfare among students at Razi University. Method: This study is an applied research in terms of its objective. It employs a quasi-experimental design, specifically a pre-test/post-test control group design. The participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. A total of 32 students were chosen during the 2024-2025 academic year and were randomly assigned to either a control group (n=16) or an experimental group (n=16). For data analysis, both descriptive and inferential statistical tests were utilized. Findings: The findings indicate that social media literacy training has a significant positive effect on enhancing students' ability to counter cognitive warfare. However, a more detailed analysis revealed a more complex picture. The educational intervention did not have a significant impact on five (Navigation, Curation, Appraisal, Comprehension and Creation) of the six components of social media literacy. In contrast, the only component significantly affected by the training was the interaction dimension, suggesting a change in users' social behavior in the virtual space. Conclusio